The C standard explicitly states that these functions 'convert the initial
portion of the string pointed to by nptr ...'; therefore they do expect
_strings_ (NUL-terminated) as inputs.

Thanks to Mark Dascher for the fix.

- always remove FC's internal attribute everywhere before deciding whether
  a cast is needed.
- ACSL and C decisions to cast are similar
- only unroll type for checking equality. If a cast is needed, keep
  typedef (if any) as target

Clang 13 emits warnings related to uninitialized variables:

variable 'r' is used uninitialized whenever 'if'
condition is false [-Wsometimes-uninitialized]

This is due to the fact that the assert(0) macro, when using Frama-C's libc,
is expanded to __FC_assert. Since it is not known by the compiler, it cannot
consider it as "noreturn" when the condition is zero. Note that adding
'__attribute__ ((__noreturn__))' will not work: Frama-C will assume it
never returns, even when the condition is true.
Initializing the 'r' variables with a default value will not change the
actual behavior, and will avoid the warnings.